Avogadros Number To Calculate Mass of a Single Atom

Avogadro's Number To Calculate Mass of a Single Atom Avogadros number is one of the most important constants used in chemistry. It is the number of particles in a single mole of a material, based on the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of the isotope carbon-12. Although this number is a constant, its experimentally determined, so we use an approximate value of 6.022 x 1023. So, you know how many atoms are in a mole. Heres how to use the information to determine the mass of a single atom. Avogadro's Number Example Problem: Mass of a Single Atom Question: Calculate the mass in grams of a single carbon (C) atom. Solution To calculate the mass of a single atom, first look up the atomic mass of carbon from the periodic table.This number, 12.01, is the mass in grams of one mole of carbon. One mole of carbon is 6.022 x 1023 atoms of carbon (Avogadros number). This relation is then used to convert a carbon atom to grams by the ratio: mass of 1 atom / 1 atom mass of a mole of atoms / 6.022 x 1023 atoms Plug in the atomic mass of carbon to solve for the mass of 1 atom: mass of 1 atom mass of a mole of atoms / 6.022 x 1023 mass of 1 C atom 12.01 g / 6.022 x 1023 C atomsmass of 1 C atom 1.994 x 10-23 g Answer The mass of a single carbon atom is 1.994 x 10-23 g. Applying the Formula to Solve for Other Atoms and Molecules Although the problem was worked using carbon (the element upon which Avogadros number is based), you can use the same method to solve for the mass of an atom or molecule. If youre finding the mass of an atom of a different element, just use that elements atomic mass. If you want to use the relation to solve for the mass of a single molecule, theres an extra step. You need to add up the masses of all of the atoms in that one molecule and use them instead. Lets say, for example, you want to know the mass of a single atom of water. From the formula (H2O), you know there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. You use the periodic table to look up the mass of each atom (H is 1.01 and O is 16.00). Forming a water molecule gives you a mass of: 1.01 1.01 16.00 18.02 grams per mole of water and you solve with: mass of 1 molecule mass of one mole of molecules / 6.022 x 1023 mass of 1 water molecule 18.02 grams per mole / 6.022 x 1023 molecules per mole mass of 1 water molecule 2.992 x 10-23 grams

Behavioural Aspects of Budgeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Behavioural Aspects of Budgeting - Essay Example However, before anything else, it is a good idea to understand something about the chosen company. The Southeast Asia (S.E.A.) Olympus Marketing Incorporated is one of the affiliates of S.E.A. Olympus Group of Companies, which was founded in the Philippines in 1983. The other affiliates are SPARKO, distributor of imported surface coatings and SCADE Industrial Corporation, a manufacturing plant of stainless water tanks such as storage water tanks and hydro pneumatic pressure tanks. The S.E.A. Olympus Marketing Incorporated is both a trading and manufacturing company which operates nationwide in the Philippines. It has branches in the three major islands of the Philippines. The S.E.A. Olympus Marketing Incorporated is responsible for the distribution of products produced by other affiliates. Originally, the company was a distributor of composite materials such as resin and fiber glass to the fishing and fashion industries. Today, the S.E.A. Olympus Marketing Incorporated is having a link with its main suppliers in Singapore, Taiwan and China. This year, it is planning to expand in the entire country and later in the Southeast regions in Asia. As of the moment, it has sub-business units (SBU) in the major cities in the Philippines as part of its strategic positioning. This year, its goal is to expand, but part of it is to carefully manage its finances. At the national level, the S.E.A. Olympus Incorporated might appear to have a very complicated organizational working structure of working departments. For the purpose of looking at the micro level of the organization’s activity, this paper examines the working business units in the country. S.E.A. Olympus Marketing Incorporated is composed of sub-business units working together for one goal. Each of this sub-business unit is composed of general support group and frontline group. The general support group is composed of the Accounting

Better Luck Tomorrow Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Better Luck Tomorrow Review - Essay Example Despite the fact that the film is an ensemble, the action that goes on in the film centers on Ben, who is in his last year in high school. He does everything that would give him an impressive identity when applying for college. This means that he has to get several honors and awards that he is not interested in, such as employee of the month award, athletic and student committee honors. He spends his time with friends who are equally gifted, but bored. They engage in shoplifting activities in computer stores and sell exam answers to other students. One day one of them draws a gun at a school Neanderthal, and they become respected by their peers for their notoriety (Huang 99). The main theme of the film comes up with regard to the question as to why teenagers would resort to crime. The film has not featured the parents of these teenagers in the activities that go on. This suggests that there might be parental neglect perhaps because they think that their children are innocent and cann ot do anything wrong. It could also be because parents think that their children are not smart to figure out certain things on their own. The children could also be engaging in these activities because of the many expectations that their Parents have put on them (Huang 100). The movie has been directed in the right atmosphere that creates the energy and intrigue that drives the film. These are mixed with humor and suspense that make the film interesting. The realistic performances by the young and energetic actors is crucial because it fits in when the audience has to suspend disbelief that the young actors are doing things that one would never suspect of them. Despite the fact that the cast has been created from the Asian American atmosphere, the theme cuts across. The theme might be resonant in the Asian American context where parenting is not as important as education (Huang 100). Morality and justice in the film seem mostly absent. The teenagers engage in immoral and activities that could be categorized as crime but they are not punished. They engage in these activities in a manner that suggests that no one is interested in discouraging from doing them. In fact, when one of them draws a gun in school, the other students do not care to report them to the school authorities. Instead, they respect them for their notoriety. The teenagers are free to do anything they please. This shows an identity crisis in a society where there is the lack of role models. The young cannot emulate their parents because their parents are busy doing other things to an extent that they have no time to check on what their children could be doing. The parents have also become careless to an extent that they assume that their children are a responsible lot who cannot engage in any crime or wrong activities. Therefore, they live them at the hands of their educators. Education does not help to model the teenagers into responsible human beings. Instead, the education emphasizes on award s, honors and better grades rather than molding the character of the young students. For instance, entrance into college requires that the students must have scored highly in academics and acquired awards and honors in certain activities. The measure of character is not provided for in those applications. Young people have been left to identify with immorality and prowess in doing wrong and committing crimes. This provides a wakeup call to the audience that

Pitfalls of the American Dream in of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Pitfalls of the American Dream in of Mice and Men Essay I feel that I am a citizen of the American Dream and that the revolutionary struggle against the American nightmare. † This quote by Eldridge Cleaver states that one has the right to achieve the American Dream however, there are factors that work against one trying to achieve the American Dream. In John Steinbeck’s â€Å"Of Mice And Men† , the pitfalls of the American Dreams are more effectively demonstrated in comparison to the movies directed by Gary Sinise. Towards the beginning of the movie one can easily point out differences that were not in the novel. For example, in the book, Lennie and George were aware of Curley’s arriage. â€Å"He got married a couple of weeks ago. Wife lives over in the bosss house (13). However, in the movie the men are not aware of Curley’s wife before she come into the room. This helps to give readers a hint on how this women will play a role in their failure at achieving the American Dream. In both the movie and the book, a women running for her life in a memorable red dress is presented, â€Å"He jus wanted to touch that red dress, like he wants to pet them pups all the time(3. 28-30) It is later revealed that Lennie touched her and for that he was on the run. After the introduction of Curley’s wife, one can infer that something similar will happen with her and that this women will also be a pitfall in achieving the American Dream. Thas good, he said. You drink some, George. You take a good big drink. He smiled happily. (1. 7) In this quotes from the book, the readers are lead to conclude that Lennie has mental disabilities as he can be compared to a child. In both the movie and the book, Lennie’s disabilities are displayed which can later on be a pitfall in achieving the American Dream. Run us out, hell, said George disgustedly. We run. They was ookin for us, but they didnt catch us (1. 50-55) Both the movie and the book reveal the situation that occurred in the weeds, George and Lennie’s previous Jobs. Based on events from the past, readers can foreshadow that history will repeat it self which can add to the failure in achieving the American Dream. It is clear that many do not travel together. Aint many guys travel around together, he mused. I dont know why. Maybe everbody in the whole damn world is scared of each other' (35). In both the book and the movie, Slim states that he doesn’t really see many traveling together. In the book however, a better understanding of why men don’t travel together is created. Overall this quotes from the book can aid readers to predict that George and Lennie will not stay together after all and that their friendship will be put to the test. With this being said, their dream will be at risk. The crash of the shot rolled up the hills and rolled down again (106) Towards the end of both the movie and the book, George shoots Lennie. As it was previously predicted, Lennie’s past has caught up to him as he again has violated a women. In this case he has killed Curley’s wife. Due to her death, Curley has vowed to make Lennie suffer. George felt the need to take matters into his own hands and kill Lennie. This event in both the movie and the book highlight the major pitfall of the American Dream. Now that Lennie is dead, the American Dream will not be achieved. However, the book demonstrated this pitfall by creating a better vivid image of what occurred. After analyzing both the movie and the book, one can conclude that John Steinbeck’s â€Å"Of Mice And Men† demonstrates the pitfalls of the American dream better than the move â€Å"Of Mice And Men† directed by Gary Sinise.

Divine Providence and Destiny in Homers Iliad :: Iliad essays

Divine Providence and Destiny in Homer's The Iliad Destiny is defined as fate. One cannot escape destiny. Divine intervention on the other hand is much different. One can at least beg for mercy or help. Both destiny and divine intervention are intertwined in Homer's The Iliad. In book I Thetis asks a favor of Zeus in order to make her son look good. Zeus decides to help Achilles against the wishes of Hera. In Book II there are two gods trying to accomplish different tasks. In order to make Achilles look good, Zeus must give glory to the Achaeans. Hera on the other hand tries to help the Greeks. The gods try to assert their divine authority, but without the humans realizing they are being played like puppets. Throughout The Iliad we see both divine providence and the luck of humanity playing a part in the lives of Hector and Achilles. In Book I Achilles looks for a holy man to find out why the gods are against the Achaeans. Achilles knows that in order to win the war, the Trojan army must find favor with the gods. The chosen holy man was Thestor. It was said that the god Apollo had given Thestor power to see into the world of the supernatural. Before Thestor would even say anything, he required assurance that he would not be harmed for what he had to say. Thestor blames the plague of problems on Agamemnon. Because Agamemnon will not return Chryseis, the Achaean army has fallen out of favor of the gods. In order to return to the protective umbrella of the gods, restitution must be given. Chryseis must be returned. In this instance, the humans wanted favor from the gods. In order to get it, they had to comply to what the gods wanted, which was give back Chryseis. In Book II Zeus uses a dream to change the lot of Achilles. Agamemnon has a dream indicating that the Achaean's should give up. Nestor also agrees after hearing the dream. Agamemnon and the chiefs make a decision about the war and the destiny of the Achaean fighters based on a dream sent by Zeus whose purpose is to make Achilles look good. Here again, the gods are the puppeteers and the humans are not really in control of their destiny. In Book VI we see the belief in fate becoming more evident.

Springville Herald Case

The first data we analyzed was which errors occurred most frequently. The above Pareto chart serves to separate the â€Å"vital few† errors from the â€Å"trivial many†. The first 7 types of errors (from left to right) account for 78% of the total service errors. Concentration on eliminating those types of errors is a good first step in minimizing customer service errors and boosting revenue. If you can eliminate less than half of the error types you can eliminate more than 2/3 of the total errors. Next we looked for correlations between the data above and which errors were most costly. We again chose Pareto charts to express the relationships between the types of errors and how much they cost the company. The use of Pareto to express the total cost of each error type is valuable to identify which error types are costing the most cumulatively and also offers some correlations. Again we see the first 7 error types (from left to right) make up a large majority of the money spent correcting errors. 79% in fact. We find that 5 error types: Typesetting, Wrong position, Ran in Error, Wrong ad, and Wrong date occur in the â€Å"vital few† data of both frequency and total cost of errors. Further concentration on these 5 error types will not only go a long way in eliminating the frequency of errors, but will also eliminate a large portion of the total cost associated with service errors. Another important finding in this data is that while copy errors occur most frequently (17% of total errors) they are relatively inexpensive to fix (only 6% of the total cost of errors). So eliminating copy errors will go a long way in improving customer service, but will not have the same impact on the cost of fixing service errors. Examining the cost data further we can see which errors are the most expensive to fix on a per error basis. While Pareto was not necessary to express cost per error (cumulative % is not important in this case), it is the easiest type of chart to read with this much data and serves to show (from left to right) which errors are the most expensive to fix per occurrence. These findings reveal that Ran in Errors are the second most expensive type of error per occurrence. That combined with the fact that we already know Ran in Errors account for the highest total cost of errors (20. %) and are the 4th most frequently occurring (9%) tells us that concentrating most heavily on eliminating Ran in Errors would be the most efficient way to simultaneously improve customer service and cut costs. So let’s took a closer look at Ran in Errors. As you can see, Policy Ran in Errors are the most frequently occurring (53% of total) and by far the most expensive (82% of total). Eliminating these e rrors as quickly as possible would be the most efficient way to achieve the goal of improving customer service and cutting costs. Some information that would be useful to examine would be how the errors interact with each other. Do some errors cause others? Even if no error directly causes another it would be useful to know if eliminating errors that occur at the beginning of the publishing time line would prevent others from occurring due to the nature of publishing them. Also, observe the histogram below. As you can see the number of help desk calls per day is concentrated between 40 and 70 per day. It would be useful to know what errors these calls are in regard to. With the average calls per day known, the Herald can also streamline their customer service department to be able to handle this volume efficiently.

The Learning Theory Of Action - 1472 Words

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Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a stimulus that used to have no effect on an individual is now conditioned to have a response because it is associated with a nother stimulus that already gets a response from the individual. Operant conditioning or instrumental conditioning, is a form of learning that is conditioned to respond in either a positive or negative way depending on the consequences that are produced by either positive or negative reinforcement. The learning theory is used in almost all aspects of the education system and in my paper I will talk about learning with autism and particularly the effects that ABA treatment have had on people who liveShow MoreRelatedThe Social Learning Theory On The Youth And Their Adulthood Actions2358 Words   |  10 PagesPurpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the social learning theory using examples from a particular movie assigned by my professor, choosing a theory of choice. 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